Ñande 11 Duujal (Mai) 1973, Omar Bolondee Joop sagata feeloyaŋke-filosof senegaalnaajo luutndinooɗo laamu hooreejo Lewopool Sedaar Seengor, yiita ene hawri e lajal, tawi omo sokanoo e kasoo e Duunde Gore ndee. Ko ene wona jooni duuɓi cappanɗe Joy, yiyannde laamu nde, so wi’de ko o baraaɗo, heewɓe ene calii ɗum, ɓeen jagguɓe wonnde ko woni goonga koo, koo o baraaɗo. Artude e dew-rewe harbiyanke Bolondee Joop ko njiilaw (miijitaade) e dumunna waylitaare (rèvolution) he nder Senegaal.
Winndi ɗum ko: Foloriyan Bobeen
Firo Pulaar: Ibraahiima Jah
Ñande 2 Mbooy (Mars) e Dakaar, ko adii jaggugol luutndiiɗo senegaalnaajo Usman Soŋko e ñalawmaaji jayngol kuɓɓunooɗi leydi ndii, fedde daraniinde waylitaare haɓotoonde jaggitagol arani en, ina daranii ngootaagu Afrik (Frapp) yuɓɓinii yeewtere jaayndiyankooɓe ngam noddude yimɓe ɓe e darnde ngam haɓtagol “maalde halkugol harbiyaŋbkooɓe luutndaare ndee” e Senegaal. E caggal taabal ɗo haalatnooɓe ɓee njooɗinoo ɗoo, ene teskanoo natal Omar Blondee Joop, sagata daraninooɗo waylitaare ndee e “kitaale 68”, caŋkinooɗo e kasoo ñande 11 Duujal 1973 to Duunde Gore. Ɗuum ko maande e nder goɗɗe, siftinde e nder hakkillaaji senegaal, jimme Bolondee Joop. Mbaadi makko ene yiite kadi e natal mawngal ngal nati ɗum e Dakaar, ñiiɓirde Senegaal, kawtal natirooɓe binndi “Radikal Bomb Shot”, ɗuum ina teddiniraa harbiyankooɓe wellitaare ɓaleeɓe e nder aduna oo, caggal warngo Sorso Foloyid to Dowlaaji Dennduɗi Amerik (USA).
Natal ɓulningal miijo (ñemtiniraangal) ngaal natal baɗiraangal ayerosol waɗanoo ko e 1970, te ngaal ƴeftnoo ko balɗe seeɗa tan hade makko riiweede e leydi Farayse, sabu makko jeyeede e dille “Duujal 68” ɗee. Duuɓi seeɗa caggal ɗuum, cerindiiɗo oo wonti loraaɗo. Nde o saŋkii e kasoo, lebbi sappo e nay caggal nde o ñaawaa, kuugal sokeede duuɓi tati fawaa e makko sabu “njanngu e kisal laamu”, ardiiɓe laamu senegaal mbi’i wonnde ko o bartiiɗo. Kono heewɓe kaali, kollitii ina njogii dalilaaji celluɗi wonnde ko o baraaɗo. Gila ndeen ɓesngu makko nan darii, haaɓaani e ɗaɓɓude wonnde yo ñaawoore waɗe, te harbiyaŋkooɓe dariiɓe haa e ñeeñɗuɓe daraniiɓe golle pinal ngaditinooma e ɗuum ngam wuurnude e wuurtinde hakkille makko. Saŋkaare Omar Bolondee Joop, waawa joñeede tan jaggiree no aksidaa daartol nih. So ngoonga nih, ina woɗɗi ɗuum, ko ɗum daawal muusngal, kaaɓningal naatowal e silsil juutɗo muuseele bonɗe ɗe laamu Senegaal waɗi! Heewaani teeŋtineede golle dente kaɓotonooɗe laamu Lewopool Sedaar Senngoor, walla hokkudeɗe faayiida, sabu oo gidiiɗo wonde hooreejo leydi Senegaal (1960-1980) heɓii mahde leydi ndii haa ndi woni “yeru to bannge potal” hono demokarasi, no won heen nji’runoo ɗum nih.
Daarti gummiiɗi e laamuji feewtude e heɓegol jeytaare Afrik ina tonnga sahaaji dew-rewe wellitaare ndee e yeeso jaggitagol nafooje leyɗeele araniije ɗee, tawa ko ardiiɓe hesɓe leyɗeele jiimanooɗe ɗee nguurni ɗuum, mballiti e ɗuum, ina heewnoo yiyeede tuggude e kitaale 1960. Caggal jeytaare leyɗeele ɗee to bannge dawrugol (politik), nde ngannduɗaa ko innde tan, laamuuji ndoolndoolaagu (autocraties) doŋre ndee ( Afrik) e ballal leyɗeele koloñaal jiimnooɗeɗe ɗee,cuɓii semmbinde doole majji, tawi ko feere ngam ñifde kala laabi waylitaare, ñifde filñitaagol dente e dille noddooje fayde e jeytaare e taƴgol geƴƴelle njiimaandi e peeje laamuuji jowitiiɗi e ngaluyŋkaagal (capitalism).
Leydi Senegaal, ko goonga heɓaani e nder mum luure politik hono leyɗeele catiiɗe ndi ɗee ni, kono noon, fuunti gonnooɗo e “neɗɗaagal ndenndaandi” kaaletenoogal e yimiyaŋke-hooreejo leydi Lewopool Sedaar Seengoor oo, majjinii miijooji men e golle makko politik. E njiimaandi lannda Union Progressiste Senegalaise, oon parti gooto e leydi ndii mo o ardinoo, ardiiɓe ɓee njaltini ko peeje muusɗe to bannge kaɓagol, lorlugol; ɓe kulɓina, ɓe njagga, ɓe coka, ɓe lorla kala serindiiɓe, ɓe njaha haa ɓe “mbartina ɓe” (nduñaɓe e wartaade).
Bolondee Joop, jibinaa ko e 1946, e leydi Niseer ndi Farayse jiimnoo. Baaba makko, “cafroowoo afriknaajo” ittanoo ko Dakaar, ñiiɓrde jiilgol leyɗeele hiirnaage Afrik gonnooɗo e njiimaandi Farayse, o nuldaa to Ñamey (Niseer). Miijooji makko to bannge politik ngonaano ɓurɗi ŋeerde, kono noon ardiiɓe laamu koloñaal ina tuumatnoo mo wonnde o yiɗaa leydi Farayse, sabu golle makko jowitiiɗe e pelle jooltooje hujjaaji liggotooɓe- sendikaaji- e naatgol makko e lannda Section Française de l’Internationale Ouvriere mo Meeter Lamin Gey ardinoo. Nde tawnoo leydi Farayse ina hulnoo semmbe dente kaɓotooɗe laamu koloñaal gonnooɗe tan e ɓeydaade, caggal nde Wolde Adunaare ndee gasi, ñiiɓirde koloñaal ndee ina reenatnoo no feewi ɓe o innirnoo “yimɓe ɓe njiɗaa leydi Farayse” éléments anti-française. Caggal nde jibnaaɓe makko njamiraa yoo koot Senegaal, Bolondee Joop wuuri ko ɓuri heewde e cukaaku mum ko Dakaar. Ko tawi omo yahra e duuɓi sappo e nay, o ari jooɗaade Farayse, ɗo baaba makko ƴeftitnoo jaŋde mum cafrugol.
Bolondee Joop he nder batu e jeewte ko fayti e dawrugol Bolondee Joop wuurii e leydi Farayse, e ko ɓuri heewde e kitaale 1960. T o Pari, o jokki jŋde makko e fannu coñce, te o luggini ganndal makko e feloyaŋkaagal-filosofi-ɓooyngal ngal leyɗeele Orop, gila e annduɓe wi’eteeɓe Aristot, Kant, haa e Hegel e Rusoo. E nder naatgol makko e duɗal toowngal Ecole Normale Superieure mo Saint-Cloud, o fuɗɗii jokkondirde e dente waɗooɓe politik, o jeyaa no feewi e jeewte ɗe yuɓɓintunoo goomuuji keewɗi innirtenooɗi fannu “gauche” oo e politik: Ko dumunna nde dente kaɓotonooɗe laabi kapitaalism oo e nder Orop ƴoogatnoo miijooji mum en e waylitaare pinal jaalinoonde to leydi Siin ndee, te ɓe njahdaano fes e njanngu soofaaɓe Amerik mbaɗnoogu to leydi Wiyetnaam. Sanɗaaji-etijaa en Farayse, eyɓintenooɓe wonde fotde 10,000 e 1968, ɓurnoo wonde, ɓurnoo wonde hare mum en ko nga, nafooje ngenndiiji ɗii, walla nafooje toɗɗiiɗe leyɗeele Afrik kala. Bolondee Joop to bannge mum, joginoo koyngal ko e adunaaji ɗiɗi ɗii kala. Dumunna seeɗa caggal nde o nani haala harbiyaŋke senegaalnaajo oo ina haale, juɓɓinoowo filmaaji bi’eteeɗo Jean-Luc Godaar suɓii mo yo o jeye e filma mum bi’eteeɗo La Chinoise (1967). Nde tawnoo o ɓulnotonoo miijooji makko ko e binndanɗe annduɓe wi’eteeɓe Spinosa, Marks e Fenon, Bolondee Joop ene hiisinoo ko wi’etee eclectism théorique- ƴooggol ganndal e fannuuji keewɗi- hakkunde fannuuji bi’eteeɗi: situationnism, anarchism, maoism, e trotskism, o ƴoogatnoo ganndal makko politik ko ummoraade e laabi e peeje keewɗe, tawa noon omo salii kala ko woni dogmatism, ɗuum woni jaggitaade tan e miijo wooto, feere wootere, ganndal gootal, sirŋinoo heen, saloo ñiŋooje, saloo goɗɗum ko wonaa ɗuum.
Sabaabu nde golle makko politik Bolndee Joop riiwaa e leydi Farayse o faatiraa Senegaal, e maayirɗe 1967. Wonndude e yahdiiɗe woɗɓe senegaalnaaɓe janngunooɓe e leyɗeele Orop, o jeyaa e dental bi’eteengal Movement des jeunesses Marxist-Leninistes (M.J.M.L), heen catal mum gootal jibini dental bi’eteengal Front anti-imperialist And Jëf. O felliti woppude dente goowaaɗe ɗee e no liggortoo nih, Bolondee Joop woni e huutoraade e mawninde mbaawka to bannge ñeeñal, te o ɓamti eɓɓoore “mago-tiyaataar e mbedda peññinoowo ngoƴaaji yimɓe ɓee e ko ɓe njiɗi”, tawi e ɗum jokkii e théâtre de l’Opprimé mo Augusto Boal.
Bolondee winndi:
“Hade maa waɗde mago e leegal, maa nganndaa hoɗɓe heen ɓee, naataa e maɓɓe, teeŋti e nder sagataaɓe ɓee… Mago amen maa yah haa e nder nokkuuji ɗo yimɓe ɓee ndentata ( jeereeji, sinemaaji, dingire coftal ɓalli… Ko tiiɗnaade e tottude kala tiitoonde, kala sifaa, kala neɗɗo, darnde Afrikyaŋkoore… Teeŋtinoon e feewnande hoore mum kala ko waawi feewnude… Tonngugol hakkille oo: Maayde ɓuri maccungaagu”.
O.B.J
Senegaal ko leydi heɓndii jeytaare mum kono wonnoo ko e njiimaandi koloñaal kesiri (néo-colonial). Senngoor ɗo adan ɗoo yahdaano e jeytaare timmunde ɗoon e ɗoon, o ɓurnoo yiɗde ko jeytaare ardoore seeɗa seeɗa e daawal duuɓi noogaas. Ko nii woni nde o woni hooreejo leydi, o noddi e ballal ummaade e leydi Farayse. E1962, Senngoor tuumi, e dow fenaande, gollidiiɗo makko ɓooyɗo Mammadu Jah, hooreejo dental jaagorɓe, wonnde ene yiɗnoo liɓde mo- Jah e wonndiiɓe mum njaggaa, nawaa e waawnere, cokaa ko ɓuri duuɓi sappo. E 1968 geddere liggey huuɓtidinnde dulɓitoorii ɗo Dakaar ɗoo, haa saarii e nder ko heddii e leydi ndii hee, polisaaɓe ɓee kaɓtiiɓe wonndude e ballal kooniŋkooɓe Farayse. Ɓeydaare ɓadtondiral hakkunde Senngoor e leydi Farayse heɓii e kaaɗtuki mum e 1971 nde hooreejo leydi Farayse oon sahaa, Georges Pompidou, sehil makko mo o janngidnoo, yilli Senegaal. Ko ina ɓura hitaande Dakaar ina heblanoo nguun njillu, raɓiɗngu, ngu ñalawma gooto tan. E laawol mawngol ɗo sate laamɓe ɓee fotnoo rewde ɗoo, ardiiɓe ɓee peewnitno laabi e kuɓeeje ɗee fof, ngam etaade suuɗde kala maale baasal e wuro Ndakaaru ngo.
Georges Pompidou hooreejo leydi Farayse ene wonndi e Lewopool Sedaar Senngoor hooreejo leydi Senegaal, nde o ari njillu Senegaal 1971
Wonande sagataaɓe heewɓe harbiyankooɓe sirŋiniiɓe, nguun njillu laatiima waadere ɓurtunde, jaɓɓogol hooreejo leydi Farayse ko tooñannge (ceknorogol) tigi. Jonte seeɗa ko adii, goomu ngootu innitotoongu e dental Amerik Black Panther Party e Tupamaros en to leydi Uruguway, duppi galle pinal Farayse (centre culturel Français) e Dakaar, e won e gollorɗe jaagorgal Taraawo Piblik. E sahaa njillu nguu nguun goomu enndii yande e sate hooreejo leydi ndii o. Kono noon won jeyanooɓe e maggu njaggaa. E nder ɓeen ñaawaaɓe, heen ɗiɗo ko miñiraaɓe walla mawniraaɓe Bolondee Joop. Kaŋko ne omo hoolinoo (goongɗinnoo) gollugol ɗoon e ɗoon (action direct), kono o jeyanooka e sagataaɓe waɗnooɓe janngu nguu ɓee, tawi ko o ruttinooma Paris lebbi seeɗa ko adii ɗuum, caggal nde happu kuugal riiwgol makko timmi.
E nder ngoon iiñco-iiñco, Bolondee Joop felliti, kaŋko e sehilaaɓe heewɓe, ummaade Farayse ngam janngude hare wonndude e njogitaaje. Eɓe ngoni e laana ndiyam, Orient-Ekpres, ɓe taƴciti Orop e laana njoorndi, hade maɓɓe yettaade e kaŋ Fedyin en ɓe Palastin e nder leydi Siri, e haɓeteeɓe leydi Eritere. Eɓɓoore maɓɓe wonnoo ko diiftaade jooɗaniiɗo (Ambasadeur) Farayse e Senegaal, ngam wostondirde mo e haɓdiiɓe maɓɓe sokaaɓe. Caggal lebbi ɗiɗi Bolondee Joop e sehilaaɓe mum ngummi e jeereende, naati wuro teeru. Ɓe ɗamininoo ko heɓde ballal ummoraade e dental Black Pnther Party daaynooɓe e wuro Alser, waawnooɓe jokkondirde ɓe e Front de Liberation National e leydi Alseri. Kono taƴondiral baɗngal e nder dental ngal addaniiɓe yuurnitaade feere maɓɓe. Caggal ndeɓe ndewi e sahaa daɓɓo to Konaakiri, ɓe tiindii Bamako, ɗo hoɗnoo huunde e ɓesngu (koreeji) Bolondee Joop. Ko ɗoon ɓe peemniti njuɓɓudi maɓɓe. Polis jaggi goomu nguu e maayirɗe lewru Jolal (Novembre) 1971, balɗe seeɗa ko adii njillu laamu hooreejo Senegaal e leydi Mali; njillu makko ngadanu e leydi Mali gila nde Federation Mali fusi e 1960. Gollorɗe roɓindo kabaruuji sirlu Mali, e gardagol dowlirɗo bonannde oo, hooreejo Surete National Ceekoro Bagayoko, ina dewindinoo ɓe no feewi ko ina wona lebbi. Ndeɓe nuldaa leydi Senegaal, kuugal kasoo duuɓi tati fawaa e maɓɓe sabu “Njangu e Kisal Laamu”. Ko ɓuri heewde e ñalawmaaji maɓɓe kamɓe sokaaɓe ɗoon ɓee; ɓe njamiranooka yoɓe njaltu cuuɗi maɓɓe. Ngam ustude naatnaatondiral hakkunde maɓɓe, ɓe nji’atnoo fooyre naange tan ko feccre waku subaka, e feccere waktu kikiiɗe.
Ñande sappo e tati lewru Duujal (11 Mai) 1973, kabaaru yalti wonnde: Omar Saŋkiima, tawi omo yahratnoo tan e duuɓi 26. Kabaaru oo wa’ino fettannde nih. Teemedde e teemedde sagataaɓe naati e mbeddaaji ɗii, eɓe mbinnda e ɓale wuro Ndakaaru ngoo “Senngor, barɗo hoore; ɓiɓɓe mon nana mbaree, pinee; warooɓe koye, Bolondee ko guuroowo-majjataa”. Ɗoon tan laamu Senegaal suuɗi warngo ngoo. Caggal nde baaba mum Omar waɗi wullitaango, hono pelente, ngam “warngo neɗɗo e dow ko wonaa teyaaɗe”, mawɗo ñaawooɓe kalfinanooɗo alhaali oo, tuumi reenooɓe kaso en heewɓe to ñaawoore. O yiitiino wonnde e karnal kaso oo, Bolondee Joop faɗɗinooma e yontere adiinde kabaaru saŋkaare “bartagol” makko, te ardiiɓe kasoo ɓee mbaɗii no ellee hay huunde kewaani. Kono hade makko nawde deenoowo kaso cakkitiiɗo oo to ñaawoore, ardiiɓe toowɓe ɓee lomtinirimo ñaawoowo goɗɗo, oon, duuɓi ɗiɗi yeeso majjum, dartini ñaawoore ndee, nde o yaltini kaayitol pellital “ordonnance d’incompetence” wonnde ñaawoore ndee “alaa mbaawka ñaawde ɗum”!
Haa e kitaale 1990, kala nde 11 Duujal yontunoo, soldateeɓe ene mbaɗetenoo yoo piilto yanaande Omar Bolondee Joop ngam haɗde yimɓe ɓee mawninde mo e kala mbaadi.
Gila duuɓi keewɗi, Omar Bolondee Joop wonii sewnde ƴoogirgal miijooji wonande harbiyaŋkooɓe (militants) e jom ñeeñe (artistes) en. Nokkuuji kollirgol nate e filmaaji ene njokki e yuurnitaade taarik makko, tawa e ɗu, nootoo e mbaadi politik leydi ndii hannde. Peeje waawnere ɗe laamu nguu waɗata ina kollira no salaade ñaawde ndee ummorii e haŋki oo. E ɗee kitaale jawtuɗe, nguu laamu dartorii ko ustude wellitaare yuɓɓingol dille, ngu dartorii ko dirtinde ngalu leydi e huutoraade doole mum haa bona.
Ɗoo ɗo darnde politik ndee, e yeeso ɓiɓɓe leydi ɓee heddii tan ko e haala ɓola, yooɗa e yeeso dente hakkunde-leyɗeele ballitooje ngaluuji, golle bonɗe ɗee mbaawata tan ko heddaade. Wonde aktiwist, daraniiɗo leydi e goonga, ina jeertina e Senegaal hannde oo, hono no holliri ɗum jaggugol e loruuji baɗnooɗi e lebbi feebariye-mars 2021, ko addande hoore mum hulɓinned, jaggeede, e sokeede e bellanteeje. Gii Mariyus Saañaa e woɗɓe ina nguuri caɗeele gonɗe heen ɗee. E ndiin mbaadi, laamu Senegaal nanndaani e jogiingu anniya artude e udditgol alhaali warngo Omar Bolondee Joop. Kono ɓadtiiɓe mo ina keddii e anniya haa hannde oo. E no ɓe mbiirata ɗum e kala sahaa: “Ko jamma juuti fof haɗataa naange fuɗɗe”.
